The Selective Laziness of Reasoning
نویسندگان
چکیده
Reasoning research suggests that people use more stringent criteria when they evaluate others' arguments than when they produce arguments themselves. To demonstrate this "selective laziness," we used a choice blindness manipulation. In two experiments, participants had to produce a series of arguments in response to reasoning problems, and they were then asked to evaluate other people's arguments about the same problems. Unknown to the participants, in one of the trials, they were presented with their own argument as if it was someone else's. Among those participants who accepted the manipulation and thus thought they were evaluating someone else's argument, more than half (56% and 58%) rejected the arguments that were in fact their own. Moreover, participants were more likely to reject their own arguments for invalid than for valid answers. This demonstrates that people are more critical of other people's arguments than of their own, without being overly critical: They are better able to tell valid from invalid arguments when the arguments are someone else's rather than their own.
منابع مشابه
The effectiveness of Young's thinking and reasoning skills training package on the selective attention, impulsivity and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of Young's thinking and reasoning skills training on selective attention, impulsivity, and symptoms of hyperactivity disorder in children aged 8 to 12 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Isfahan city. Method: The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group ...
متن کاملThe circuit that was too lazy to fail
This paper describes a translation of a relational hardware description language into a functional language in such a way that the user does not have to decide the direction of the data flow in the functional language. This approach relies on laziness, making the translation hard to analyse. The use of a theorem prover that supports reasoning about laziness and undefined elements allows the inv...
متن کاملThe mediating role of organizational culture in the effect of organizational laziness on the inertia and organizational performance of the Ministry of Sports and Youth
Abstract Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of organizational culture in the effect of laziness on organizational performance and inertia. Methods: This study was one of the series of correlational descriptive research that was conducted in the field. The statistical population consisted of all the employees of the country's Ministry of Sports an...
متن کاملA Unifying Theory of True Concurrency Based on CSP and Lazy Observation
What if the CSP observer were lazy? This paper considers the consequences of altering the behavior of the CSP observer. Specifically, what implications would this new behavior have on CSP’s traces? Laziness turns out to be a useful metaphor. We show how laziness permits transforming CSP into a model of true concurrency (i.e., non-interleaved trace semantics). Furthermore, the notion of a lazy o...
متن کاملA Natural Semantics for Completely Lazy Evaluation
Lazy evaluation (or call-by-need) is widely used and well understood, partly thanks to a clear operational semantics given by Launchbury. However, modern non-strict functional languages do not use plain call-by-need evaluation: they also use optimisations like fully lazy λ-lifting or partial evaluation. To ease reasoning, it would be nice to have all these features in a uniform setting. In this...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cognitive science
دوره 40 8 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016